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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process flow of titanium oxide

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Titanium oxide (TiO2) is an important raw material for chemical production, which has a wide range of applications, such as coatings, ceramics, photocatalysis and so on. This article will introduce the manufacturing methods of titanium oxide, including physical and chemical methods.

1. Physical method

physical method is mainly through mechanical crushing, vapor deposition and other means to convert titanium ore or titanium alloy into titanium oxide powder. Among them, the vapor deposition method is a commonly used method for producing high-purity titanium oxide, and mainly includes two types of physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD).

physical vapor deposition method is to convert titanium metal into a gaseous state through physical methods such as evaporation and sputtering, and then condense into titanium oxide powder during the cooling process. The titanium oxide powder produced by this method has high purity and fine particle size, but the production cost is relatively high. The

chemical vapor deposition method is to introduce the metal organic compound or halide of titanium into the reaction chamber, and generate titanium oxide powder by thermal decomposition or gas phase reaction. This method can produce titanium oxide powder with high purity and fine particle size, which is suitable for large-scale production.

2. Chemical method

Chemical method is a method of converting titanium ore or titanium alloy into titanium oxide through chemical reaction, mainly including sulfuric acid method and chlorination method.

sulfuric acid method is to carry out acid hydrolysis reaction of titanium iron ore and concentrated sulfuric acid to produce ferrous sulfate and tetrabutyl titanate, and then through hydrolysis, calcination and other steps to obtain titanium oxide products. The production process of this method is mature and can produce high-quality titanium oxide products, but a large amount of waste acid and wastewater will be produced in the production process, and environmental protection is difficult. The

chlorination law is to react titanium ore or titanium alloy with chlorine to produce titanium tetrachloride, and then obtain titanium oxide products through oxidation, hydrolysis and other steps. The production process of this method is simple, and less wastewater is produced in the production process, but the purity of the obtained product is low, and further purification treatment is required.

In addition to the above methods, there are some emerging titanium oxide manufacturing methods, such as sol-gel method, microwave method, etc. In the sol-gel method, a solution of a precursor such as a titanium alkoxide is formed into a sol in an organic solvent, followed by gelation, drying, and calcination to obtain a titanium oxide powder. This method can prepare titanium oxide powder with high purity and fine particle size, but a large amount of organic solvent is needed in the production process, and the environmental protection is poor. The microwave law is to use the principle of microwave heating to rapidly heat and decompose the precursor solution such as tetrabutyl titanate in the microwave field to obtain titanium oxide powder. This method has the advantages of fast, high efficiency and energy saving, but the equipment cost is high, and it is still in the research stage.

In general, the manufacturing methods of titanium oxide are diverse, and different methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. Suitable methods should be selected according to specific product requirements and production conditions. At the same time, in the production process, environmental protection should be strengthened to reduce waste emissions and protect the environment.

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