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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process of formic acid

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Formic acid is an important organic chemical raw material, which is widely used in pesticide, medicine, rubber, leather, textile and other industrial fields. In the field of production of raw materials, formic acid manufacturing methods are mainly the following:

1. carbon monoxide and sodium hydroxide reaction method

This method is a relatively common formic acid manufacturing method, mainly using carbon monoxide and sodium hydroxide reaction to generate sodium formate, and then sulfuric acid to obtain formic acid. The specific steps are as follows:

passing a certain concentration of carbon monoxide gas into a sodium hydroxide solution, controlling the reaction temperature at 50-80 ° C., and reacting to generate an aqueous solution of sodium formate. Then, sulfuric acid was added to the aqueous solution of sodium formate to react to produce formic acid and sodium sulfate. Finally, the formic acid is separated by distillation to obtain a higher purity formic acid product.

2. methanol carbonylation method

methanol carbonylation method is a more advanced formic acid manufacturing method, mainly with methanol, carbon monoxide and water as raw materials, under the action of catalyst reaction to generate formic acid. The specific steps are as follows:
methanol, carbon monoxide and water are mixed
, and then introduced into the catalyst bed, and the reaction is carried out under suitable temperature and pressure conditions. The reaction produces formic acid and hydrogen, and a high-purity formic acid product can be obtained through separation and purification steps.

3. ethyl formate hydrolysis method

ethyl formate hydrolysis method is a relatively simple formic acid manufacturing method, mainly using ethyl formate hydrolysis to generate formic acid and ethanol. The specific steps are as follows:
After
mixing ethyl formate with water, heating to a suitable temperature for hydrolysis reaction. The reaction produces formic acid and ethanol, and formic acid is separated by distillation to obtain formic acid product with higher purity.

The above three methods are common formic acid manufacturing methods, and different methods have different advantages and disadvantages and scope of application. In actual production, a suitable method can be selected according to the specific situation to produce formic acid.

No matter which method is used for the manufacture of formic acid, it is necessary to strictly control the reaction conditions and the quality of raw materials to ensure the purity and yield of the product. At the same time, safety management and environmental protection measures need to be strengthened in the production process to ensure the safety and sustainability of production.

In short, the manufacturing method of formic acid is of great significance in the field of raw materials for chemical production. Through different methods, formic acid products with high purity and stable quality can be produced, which provide important raw material guarantee for various industries.

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