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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process of glycerol

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Glycerol, also known as glycerol, is an alcohol compound with three hydroxyl groups, which is widely used as a raw material for chemical production. The following are several common glycerol manufacturing methods:

1. esterification method: esterification method is mainly through the ester exchange reaction, the triglyceride and methanol or ethanol reaction, generate glycerol and the corresponding fatty acid methyl ester or ethyl ester. A commonly used catalyst for this process is an acidic ion exchange resin. After completion of the reaction, glycerol and unreacted methanol or ethanol are separated by distillation. The main advantages of the esterification method are that the raw materials are readily available and the process is simple, but the resulting glycerol may have a lower purity and contain more impurities.
2. Acidolysis: Acidolysis is the reaction of oils and fats with dilute sulfuric acid to generate glycerol and free fatty acids. The main advantages of this method are that the raw materials are readily available and the reaction conditions are mild, but the generated glycerol contains a large amount of impurities such as free fatty acids and pigments, which need to be further purified.
3. Hydrogenation method: Hydrogenation method is the hydrogenation reaction of oil and hydrogen under the action of catalyst to generate glycerol and stearic acid. The advantage of this method is that the product purity is higher, but the use of noble metal catalysts is required, and the cost is higher.
4. biological fermentation method: biological fermentation method is through microbial fermentation of sugar cane, sugar beet and other substances, the production of glycerol. The advantage of this method is that the raw materials are widely available, renewable, and conform to the concept of green environmental protection, but the fermentation process needs to control certain conditions to ensure the quality and yield of the product.

No matter which method is used to manufacture glycerol, the product needs to be further purified to remove impurities and ensure the quality and purity of the product. At the same time, attention should be paid to safety in the production process to avoid accidents such as fire and explosion.

In short, there are various manufacturing methods of glycerol, and different methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and need to be selected according to the actual situation. In the future development, with the continuous progress of science and technology and the improvement of environmental awareness, the manufacturing method of glycerol will be continuously optimized to improve the quality and purity of the product, reduce the cost, and make greater contributions to the development of the chemical production field.

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