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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process flow of heavy aromatics

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The manufacturing method
of heavy aromatics
1. Introduction

Heavy aromatics is an important raw material for the production of chemicals, which is widely used in fuels, plastics, rubber, fibers, coatings and other fields. With the development of industry and the progress of science and technology, the manufacturing methods of heavy aromatics are becoming more and more mature. This paper will introduce the manufacturing methods of heavy aromatics, including raw material selection, reaction principle, process flow, equipment selection and so on.

2. Feedstock Selection

Heavy Aromatics Manufacturing Feedstocks are mainly derived from petroleum and coal. Among them, the heavy distillate oil in petroleum is commonly used raw materials, such as vacuum residue, cracking residue, etc. These raw materials are rich in aromatic components, and high-quality heavy aromatic products can be obtained through proper processing.

3. reaction principle

The manufacturing process of heavy aromatics mainly involves two aspects: chemical reaction and physical separation. The specific reaction principle is as follows:

1. cracking reaction: under the action of high temperature and catalyst, the cracking reaction of macromolecular hydrocarbons in the raw oil occurs to generate small molecular hydrocarbons and hydrogen.
2. Aromatization reaction: Under the action of acidic catalyst, the small molecule hydrocarbons generated by the cracking reaction undergo aromatization reaction to generate aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrogen.
3. Condensation reaction: Condensation reaction occurs between aromatic molecules to generate larger molecules of aromatic compounds.

By controlling the reaction conditions and the type and amount of catalyst, the composition and properties of heavy aromatic products can be adjusted.

4. Process

The manufacturing process of heavy aromatics mainly includes the following steps:

1. Raw material pretreatment: the raw material oil desulfurization, denitrification, dehydration and other pretreatment, in order to ensure the smooth progress of the subsequent reaction.
2. cracking reaction: under the action of high temperature and catalyst, the cracking reaction of raw oil occurs to generate small molecule hydrocarbons and hydrogen.
3. Aromatization reaction: Under the action of acidic catalyst, the small molecule hydrocarbons generated by the cracking reaction undergo aromatization reaction to generate aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrogen.
4. Fractionation: The reaction products are separated by a fractionation tower to obtain heavy aromatic products with different boiling points.
5. product refining: refining heavy aromatics products to remove impurities and moisture, qualified products.

5. equipment selection

In the manufacturing process of heavy aromatics, the equipment that needs to be used includes reactors, fractionators, pumps, heat exchangers, etc. In the choice of equipment, need to consider the following factors:

1 equipment structure and material to adapt to high temperature, high pressure, corrosion and other harsh working environment.
2. The operation and maintenance of the equipment is simple and easy to ensure the stability and reliability of production.
3. The energy consumption and emissions of the equipment meet the requirements of environmental protection, which can reduce production costs and improve economic efficiency.

6. Conclusion The manufacturing method of

heavy aromatics involves multiple chemical reactions and physical separation processes, and it is necessary to select suitable raw materials, reaction conditions and equipment. By controlling the production process and optimizing the equipment selection, the quality and yield of heavy aromatics products can be improved, the production cost can be reduced, and greater economic and social benefits can be created for the enterprise.

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