[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process of hardened oil

Research Report
on Manufacturing Methods of Hardened Oils
Abstract

This research report details the manufacturing methods of hardened oils in the field of raw materials for chemical production. The report covers the basic concepts, properties and application areas of hardened oils, as well as the three main manufacturing methods: catalytic hydrogenation, partial hydrogenation and transesterification. Through the detailed analysis of various manufacturing methods, including their process flow, operating conditions, advantages and disadvantages, this study aims to provide comprehensive theoretical guidance and practical reference for the production of hardened oil.

Introduction

hardening oil is an important chemical raw material, widely used in plastics, rubber, paint, ink, cosmetics and many other fields. With the continuous development of science and technology, the manufacturing methods of hardened oil are also improving to meet the growing market demand and environmental protection requirements. This report aims to introduce the manufacturing method of hardened oil in detail, analyze its advantages and disadvantages, and put forward the future development trend and suggestions.
The basic concept, properties, and application fields of
hardened oil

hardened oil is a kind of oil that converts liquid vegetable oil into solid or semi-solid fatty acids through a chemical reaction. Its main properties include high melting point, high hardness, good oxidation resistance and so on. Hardened oil is widely used in plastics, rubber, paint, ink, cosmetics and other fields, as a plasticizer, stabilizer, lubricant, etc.

hardening oil manufacturing method

1. catalytic hydrogenation method

catalytic hydrogenation method is a commonly used hardening oil manufacturing method, through the vegetable oil and hydrogen in the role of the catalyst under the addition reaction, generating hardening oil. This method has the advantages of fast reaction speed and good product quality, but it needs to use precious metal catalyst, and the equipment investment is large.

process flow: vegetable oil → catalyst → hydrogenation reaction → hardened oil

operating conditions: reaction temperature 150-250 ℃, pressure 2-10MPa, molar ratio of hydrogen to vegetable oil 1:1-10.

2. partial hydrogenation method

partial hydrogenation method is through the action of catalyst, the unsaturated fatty acid in vegetable oil hydrogenation reaction, generate saturated fatty acid, so as to obtain hardened oil. This method has the advantages of simple process and low cost, but the product quality is slightly inferior to the catalytic hydrogenation method.

process flow: vegetable oil → catalyst → partial hydrogenation reaction → hardened oil

operating conditions: reaction temperature 120-200 ℃, pressure 1-5MPa, catalyst for nickel, palladium and other metals.

3. transesterification method

transesterification method is through the transesterification reaction, the vegetable oil and methanol or ethanol and other low-carbon alcohol transesterification, the generation of fatty acid methyl ester or ethyl ester, and then further hydrogenation to generate hardened oil. This method has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials and mild reaction conditions, but by-products may be produced in the reaction process, which requires subsequent treatment.

process flow: vegetable oil low-carbon alcohol → ester exchange reaction → fatty acid ester → hydrogenation reaction → hardened oil

operating conditions: reaction temperature 60-150 ℃, normal pressure or slight pressure, molar ratio of low-carbon alcohol to vegetable oil 1:1-10.

analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various manufacturing methods

catalytic hydrogenation method has good product quality and fast reaction speed, but requires the use of precious metal catalysts and large equipment investment; Partial hydrogenation method has simple process and low cost, but the product quality is slightly inferior; Transesterification method has easy raw materials and mild reaction conditions, but may produce by-products. Enterprises in the choice of manufacturing methods, should be based on their own actual situation and product needs for comprehensive consideration.

future development trends and recommendations

With the increase in environmental awareness and market competition, the future of hardened oil manufacturing will pay more attention to environmental protection, efficiency and sustainable development. Enterprises should increase technology research and development, improve production efficiency, reduce energy consumption and emissions, and at the same time strengthen exchanges and cooperation with international counterparts to jointly promote the healthy development of the hardened oil manufacturing industry.