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[Chemical Knowledge]：The production and manufacturing method and process of dichloroethane.

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The manufacturing method
of dichloroethane
1. Introduction

dichloroethane is an important chemical production raw material, widely used in solvents, refrigerants, anesthetics, pesticides and other fields. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the manufacturing method of dichloroethane for improving production efficiency, reducing costs and promoting industrial development. This paper will introduce the manufacturing methods of dichloroethane, including chloroethane method, ethylene method and ethanol method.

2. Chloroethane method

Chloroethane method is a commonly used method of manufacturing dichloroethane, mainly to react with chlorine gas under the action of a catalyst to produce dichloroethane. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Ethyl chloride and chlorine are mixed according to a certain proportion and introduced into the reactor.
2. Add catalysts, such as alumina, activated carbon, etc., to the reactor to increase the reaction rate.
3. Control the reaction temperature within a certain range, generally 200-300 ℃, to avoid the occurrence of high temperature side reactions.
4. After completion of the reaction, cooling, separation and purification are carried out to obtain dichloroethane having a relatively high purity.
the advantages of
ethyl chloride method are mature process, simple operation and high yield, but the activity of the catalyst has a great influence on the reaction and needs to be replaced regularly.

3. Ethylene
The
ethylene method is a method of reacting ethylene with chlorine to produce dichloroethane. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Ethylene and chlorine are mixed according to a certain ratio and introduced into the reactor.
2. A catalyst, such as copper salt and silver salt, is added to the reactor to promote the reaction.
3. Control the reaction temperature within a certain range, generally 100-200 ℃, to avoid the occurrence of high temperature side reactions.
4. After completion of the reaction, cooling, separation and purification are carried out to obtain dichloroethane having a relatively high purity.
the advantages of
ethylene method are easy to obtain raw materials, mild reaction conditions and high selectivity, but the preparation and regeneration of the catalyst are difficult.

4. Ethanol Method
The
ethanol method is a method of reacting ethanol with chlorine to produce dichloroethane. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Ethanol and chlorine are mixed according to a certain proportion and passed into the reactor.
2. A catalyst, such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, is added to the reactor to promote the reaction.
3. Control the reaction temperature within a certain range, generally 80-120 ℃, to avoid the occurrence of high temperature side reactions.
4. After completion of the reaction, distillation, washing and drying are carried out to obtain dichloroethane having a relatively high purity.
the advantages of
ethanol method are simple process, convenient operation and low cost, but the reaction product contains a large amount of water and hydrogen chloride and other by-products, which need to be separated and treated.

5. Conclusion

Three methods of manufacturing dichloroethane, including chloroethane, ethylene and ethanol, are described above. Different methods have different advantages and disadvantages and scope of application, according to the actual situation to choose the appropriate method for production. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to safety, environmental protection and quality control issues in the manufacturing process to ensure product quality and production sustainability.

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