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[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process of acrylamide

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of the manufacturing method
of acrylamide Acrylamide is an important organic chemical raw material, which is widely used in water treatment, papermaking, oil field, textile, building materials, medicine and other fields. There are two main methods for the manufacture of acrylamide: chemical and biological methods. This article will detail these two manufacturing methods.

1. chemical method

1. hydration

hydration is the addition reaction of acrylonitrile and water in the presence of a catalyst to produce acrylamide sulfate, which is then neutralized with alkali to produce acrylamide. This method has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials, simple process and high yield, but the resulting wastewater contains sulfuric acid and acrylamide, which need to be treated before discharge.

2. keto-nitrogen method

keto-nitrogen method is the reaction of acrylonitrile and methanol under acidic conditions to generate acrylamide methyl ketone, and then with hydroxylamine to generate keto-nitrogen, and finally add water decomposition to generate acrylamide. This method has the advantages of high yield, high product purity and easy treatment of wastewater, but it needs to use expensive hydroxylamine as raw material.

3. formaldehyde method

formaldehyde method is the reaction of acrylonitrile and formaldehyde under acidic conditions to produce acrolein, and then react with ammonia to produce acrylamide. This method has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials and low cost, but the resulting wastewater contains formaldehyde and ammonia, which need to be treated before discharge.

2. biological method

biological method is the use of microorganisms to convert acrylonitrile to acrylamide. This method has the advantages of environmental protection and energy saving, but the conversion rate is low, and further optimization is needed to improve the yield.

Specifically, the biological process mainly includes two steps: first converting acrylonitrile to acrylic acid, and then converting acrylic acid to acrylamide. This process requires the participation of specific microorganisms, commonly used microorganisms such as Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, etc. The advantage of

biological method is that it is an environmentally friendly manufacturing method and does not produce a large amount of waste water and waste gas. However, its shortcomings are also obvious, that is, the conversion rate is low, a large number of microorganisms are required to participate in the reaction, so the production process is relatively long, and strict control and management of microorganisms are required to ensure product quality and yield.

In general, the manufacturing methods of acrylamide are mainly chemical and biological methods. These two methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the appropriate method can be selected according to the specific production needs and conditions. No matter which method is adopted, it is necessary to strictly abide by the safety production specifications to ensure product quality and environmental protection standards.

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