[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process of anionic surfactant

Research on
manufacturing methods of anionic surfactants
Abstract

This paper introduces the manufacturing methods of anionic surfactants in detail, including sulfonate type, sulfate type, carboxylate type and phosphate type. Through the analysis of the principle, process flow, operation points, advantages and disadvantages of various manufacturing methods, it provides a comprehensive theoretical guidance for the manufacture of anionic surfactants in the field of chemical production raw materials.

keywords: anionic surfactant, manufacturing method, chemical

introduction

anionic surfactant has a wide range of applications in the field of chemical production raw materials, because of its excellent wetting, emulsification, dispersion, foaming and other properties, so it is widely used in washing, textile, printing and dyeing, papermaking, leather, medicine, pesticide, food and other fields. It is of great significance to study the manufacturing methods of anionic surfactants for improving product quality, reducing production costs and promoting industrial development.

1. Sulfonate Anionic Surfactant Manufacturing Method

sulfonate anionic surfactant is the most common one, mainly composed of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium alkylsulfonate and other components. The manufacturing method mainly includes the following steps:

1. alkylation reaction: benzene and chlorinated alkane are alkylated under the action of a catalyst to generate alkylbenzene.
2. Sulfonation reaction: alkylbenzene is sulfonated with sulfuric acid to generate alkylbenzene sulfonic acid.
3. Neutralization reaction: neutralization of alkylbenzene sulfonic acid with alkali to generate sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate.

The advantages of this manufacturing method are that the raw materials are readily available, the process is mature, and the product quality is stable. The disadvantage is that a large amount of waste acid and waste alkali will be produced in the production process, and environmental protection treatment is difficult.

Method for Producing 2. Sulfate-Type Anionic Surfactant The

sulfate-type anionic surfactant mainly includes components such as sodium fatty alcohol sulfate and sodium lauryl sulfate. Its manufacturing method mainly includes the following steps:

1. esterification reaction: fatty alcohol and sulfuric acid are esterified to generate fatty alcohol sulfate.
2. Neutralization reaction: neutralization of fatty alcohol sulfate with alkali to generate fatty alcohol sodium sulfate.

The advantages of this manufacturing method are good product performance and good biodegradability. The disadvantage is that a large amount of waste acid and waste alkali will be produced in the production process, which needs to be environmentally friendly.

Method for Producing 3. Carboxylate Type Anionic Surfactant The

carboxylate type anionic surfactant mainly includes components such as a fatty acid salt and an amino acid salt. The manufacturing method mainly includes the following steps:

1. fatty acid preparation: fatty acid is prepared by oil hydrolysis or fatty acid ester exchange reaction.
2. Neutralization: Use alkali to neutralize fatty acids to generate fatty acid salts.

The advantages of this manufacturing method are a wide range of raw materials and excellent product performance. The disadvantage is that a large amount of waste water and waste gas will be produced in the production process, which requires environmental protection treatment.

Method for Producing 4. Phosphate-Type Anionic Surfactant The

phosphate-type anionic surfactant mainly includes alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate and the like. The manufacturing method mainly includes the following steps:

1. etherification reaction: alkylphenol is etherified with ethylene oxide to generate alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.
2. Phosphorylation reaction: alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether is phosphorylated with phosphoric acid to generate alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate.

The advantages of this manufacturing method are unique product performance, good hard water resistance and calcium soap dispersion. The disadvantage is that a large amount of waste acid residue will be produced in the production process, which needs to be environmentally friendly.

conclusion

anionic surfactant manufacturing method is varied, each method has its advantages and disadvantages and scope of application. In the actual production process, the appropriate manufacturing method should be selected according to the product performance requirements, raw material sources, environmental protection requirements and other factors. At the same time, strengthen environmental protection treatment and resource recycling to improve the economy and environmental protection of the production process.