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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process flow of pure benzene

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of the manufacturing method
of pure benzene is an important raw material for chemical production, which is widely used in medicine, pesticide, dye, plastic, rubber and other fields. This article will introduce the manufacturing methods of pure benzene, including petrochemical and coal chemical methods.

1. Petrochemical process

Petrochemical process is based on petroleum as raw material, through a series of chemical reactions and separation operations, the production of pure benzene method. The specific steps are as follows:

1. catalytic reforming

hydrocarbon compounds in petroleum under the action of high temperature, high pressure and catalyst, reforming reaction occurs to generate benzene, toluene, xylene and other aromatic compounds.

2. Extractive distillation

After the reforming reaction product is cooled, it is extracted with an extractant to separate aromatic and non-aromatic compounds. Then through the distillation operation, benzene, toluene, xylene and other aromatic hydrocarbons are separated.

3. catalytic dehydrogenation

of toluene under the action of high temperature, high pressure and catalyst, the dehydrogenation reaction of benzene and hydrogen. The purity of benzene can be further improved by the catalytic dehydrogenation reaction.

2. coal chemical process

coal chemical process is based on coal as raw material, through gasification, purification, synthesis and other steps, the preparation of pure benzene method. The specific steps are as follows:

1. coal gasification

gasifies coal under high temperature and high pressure conditions to generate synthesis gas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen).

2. purification

remove impurities in the synthesis gas, including sulfides, nitrides, carbon dioxide, etc.

3. methanol synthesis

will purify the synthesis gas under the action of catalyst, synthesis of methanol.

4. methanol dehydrogenation

methanol in high temperature, high pressure and catalyst under the action of dehydrogenation reaction, the generation of formaldehyde and hydrogen.

5. Formaldehyde condensation

Formaldehyde condensation reaction occurs under the action of acidic catalyst to generate paraformaldehyde.

6. paraformaldehyde cracking

paraformaldehyde cracking under high temperature conditions, benzene and formaldehyde and other compounds. Through the cracking reaction, benzene of higher purity can be obtained.

The above are two manufacturing methods of pure benzene, namely petrochemical method and coal chemical method. Different manufacturing methods have different advantages and disadvantages and application fields, and can be selected according to actual conditions. No matter which method is used, the reaction conditions and operation process need to be strictly controlled to ensure the quality and purity of the product.

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