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[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process flow of crude benzene

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The manufacturing method
of crude benzene
1. Introduction

Crude benzene is an important chemical raw material, widely used in dyes, medicine, pesticides and other fields. With the continuous development of science and technology, the manufacturing method of crude benzene is also constantly improved and optimized. This article will introduce a common crude benzene manufacturing method.

2. crude benzene manufacturing principle

crude benzene manufacturing principle is mainly through the coal high temperature dry distillation, the coal in the decomposition of organic matter, the generation of benzene, toluene, xylene and other aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. These compounds at high temperatures together with the gas through condensation, cooling and other processes, the formation of crude benzene products.

3. Manufacturing Steps

1. Coal High Temperature Dry Distillation
Put coal into a high temperature dry distillation furnace and heat it to 800-1000 ℃ to decompose the organic matter in the coal and generate aromatic hydrocarbon compounds such as benzene, toluene and xylene. At the same time, some by-products such as tar and ammonia will be generated.

2. Gas cooling
The temperature of the gas produced by high-temperature carbonization is relatively high, and it needs to be cooled to 25-35 ℃ for subsequent crude benzene extraction.

3. Crude benzene extraction
The cooled gas is passed into the benzene washing tower, and the benzene, toluene, xylene and other aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in the gas are absorbed by the washing oil to generate crude benzene.

4. crude benzene refining
crude benzene contains some impurities, need to be refined to improve its purity. It is usually refined by methods such as distillation and extraction.

4. precautions

1. In the process of high temperature dry distillation, it is necessary to keep the temperature in the furnace stable to avoid too high or too low temperature affecting the yield and quality of crude benzene.

2. In the process of gas cooling, it is necessary to control the temperature and flow of cooling water to ensure the cooling effect of gas.

3. In the process of crude benzene extraction, the washing oil needs to be replaced regularly to ensure the absorption effect of the washing oil.

4. In the process of crude benzene refining, it is necessary to select the appropriate refining method according to the impurities of crude benzene, and strictly control the operating conditions to ensure the refining effect.

5. conclusion

crude benzol as an important raw material for chemical production, its manufacturing method has been continuously improved and optimized to improve the yield and quality of crude benzol. In the actual production process, it is necessary to select the appropriate manufacturing method and operating conditions according to the specific situation to ensure the quality and output of crude benzene. At the same time, it is also necessary to strengthen the safety management and environmental protection measures in the production process to ensure the smooth progress of the production process and minimize the impact on the environment.

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