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[Chemical Knowledge]：The production and manufacturing method and process of liquefied natural gas.

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Manufacturing method

of liquefied natural gas (LNG) Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a clean and efficient energy source, which is widely used in chemical industry, electric power, transportation and other fields. With the transformation of global energy structure and the improvement of environmental awareness, the demand for LNG is increasing. This article will introduce the manufacturing methods of liquefied natural gas, including raw gas treatment, liquefaction process, storage and transportation.

1. feed gas treatment

liquefied natural gas feed gas is mainly natural gas, which contains methane, ethane, propane and other components. Before liquefaction, the feed gas needs to be treated to ensure its quality and purity. The specific treatment steps are as follows:

1. Desulfurization: Natural gas usually contains acid gases such as hydrogen sulfide, which need to be desulfurized to avoid corrosion of equipment and pipelines.

2. Dehydration: Natural gas contains a certain amount of moisture and needs to be dehydrated to avoid freezing and blocking the pipeline at low temperatures.

3. Hydrocarbon removal: Natural gas also contains some heavy hydrocarbon components, which need to be removed to avoid solid deposits during the liquefaction process. After the above treatment of

, the quality and purity of the feed gas are guaranteed, which provides good conditions for the subsequent liquefaction process.

2. liquefaction process

The manufacturing process of liquefied natural gas mainly uses refrigeration process, which cools the feed gas to a low temperature below -162 ℃ and converts it into liquid state. Specific liquefaction processes are as follows:

1. Cascade liquefaction process: This process uses multiple refrigeration cycles to reduce the temperature of the feed gas step by step to liquefy it. The process is mature and reliable, but the energy consumption is high.

2. Mixed refrigerant liquefaction process: This process uses a mixture of multiple refrigerants to reduce the temperature of the feed gas. The process has the advantages of low energy consumption and flexible operation.

3. Liquefaction process with expander: This process uses the expander to do external work and reduce the temperature of the feed gas. The process has the advantages of low energy consumption and simple equipment.

of the above liquefaction processes have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the appropriate process should be selected according to the specific situation. During the liquefaction process, attention should be paid to the control of temperature and pressure to avoid unnecessary loss and safety problems.

3. storage and transportation

After the LNG is manufactured, it needs to be stored and transported. Due to the cryogenic nature of LNG, special storage and transportation equipment is required. The specific storage and transportation methods are as follows:

1. Storage tank: LNG is usually stored in a double-layer metal wall storage tank, the inner layer is stainless steel, and the outer layer is carbon steel or aluminum alloy. Storage tanks need to have good insulation properties to avoid heat loss and evaporation.

2. Tank truck transportation: LNG is usually transported by special tank trucks. Tank trucks need to have good thermal insulation performance and safety performance to ensure safety and stability during transportation.

3. Ship transportation: For long-distance transportation, special LNG ships are usually used for transportation. Ships need to have good thermal insulation performance and safety performance to ensure the safety and reliability of maritime transportation.

In short, the manufacture of liquefied natural gas requires strict control of the quality of raw gas, selection of appropriate liquefaction processes, and special storage and transportation methods to ensure product quality and safety. At the same time, with the continuous progress and application of technology, the manufacturing efficiency and cost of liquefied natural gas will continue to improve, providing strong support for the development of clean energy in the future.

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