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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Ethyl Cyanoacetate

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Ethyl cyanoacetate is an important organic synthesis intermediate, which is widely used in the production of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes and other chemicals. This article will detail the properties and uses of ethyl cyanoacetate.

1. properties

1. Physical properties
ethyl cyanoacetate is a colorless transparent liquid with a pungent odor. The boiling point is 155~156 ℃, the density is 1.056g/cm3, the refractive index is 1.4187, and the flash point is 62 ℃. It is insoluble in water, but miscible with organic solvents such as alcohols and ethers.

2. chemical properties
ethyl cyanoacetate has high reactivity and is prone to addition, substitution, condensation and other reactions. Among them, the cyano group (-CN) has strong electrophilicity and can react with many nucleophiles. In addition, ethyl cyanoacetate also has an ester group (-COOEt), which can be hydrolyzed under acidic or alkaline conditions.

2. uses

1. pharmaceutical intermediates
cyanoacetate can be used as pharmaceutical intermediates, used in the synthesis of antibacterial drugs, anticancer drugs, antiepileptic drugs and other drugs. For example, it can react with aniline to form anilinoacetonitrile, and then further synthesize the antibacterial drug amoxicillin. In addition, ethyl cyanoacetate can also be used for the synthesis of anti-tuberculosis drug isoniazid and anti-tumor drug fluorouracil.

2. pesticide intermediates
ethyl cyanoacetate can also be used as pesticide intermediates for the synthesis of pesticides, fungicides, herbicides and other pesticides. For example, it can be reacted with methylamine to form methylurea, which is further synthesized into the insecticide trichlorfon. In addition, ethyl cyanoacetate can also be used for the synthesis of fungicides carbendazim and herbicides such as butachlor.

3. dye intermediate
ethyl cyanoacetate can also be used as a dye intermediate for the synthesis of a variety of dyes. For example, it can be reacted with phenol to form phenolacetonitrile, which is further synthesized as the dye basic fuchsin. In addition, ethyl cyanoacetate can also be used for the synthesis of dyes direct red, acid yellow, etc.

In short, ethyl cyanoacetate as an important chemical raw material, has a wide range of applications in medicine, pesticides, dyes and other fields. Because of its high reactivity and wide range of uses, it plays an important role in actual production.

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