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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Urea (Carbamide)

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Urea, also known as carbamide, is an organic compound that has a wide range of applications in the field of raw materials for chemical production. Its molecular formula is CH4N2O, is a colorless, odorless, soluble in water solid. Urea has many unique properties that make it important in many chemical processes.

1. the nature of urea

1. physical properties: urea is a colorless crystal, with high purity. It is highly hygroscopic and can absorb moisture in the air. Urea has a high melting point of 132.7°C and a boiling point of 196.6°C.
2. Chemical properties: The molecular structure of urea contains amide groups, which makes it have some special chemical reactivity. For example, urea can react with an acid to form a salt, or with an alcohol to form an ester. In addition, urea is also reductive and can be oxidized to ammonium carbonate.

2. Urea Use

1. Fertilizer: Urea is a commonly used nitrogen fertilizer, which plays an important role in improving the yield and quality of crops. After urea is applied to the soil, it can be decomposed into ammonium ions and carbonate ions by microorganisms, which can be absorbed and utilized by plants.
2. Feed additives: Urea can be used as a feed additive for ruminants to provide nitrogen sources for animals. Ruminants can convert urea into protein and improve the nutritional value of feed.
3. Plastics and fibers: Urea can be used as a raw material for plastics and fibers for the production of urea-formaldehyde plastics and urea fibers. These materials have good water resistance, heat resistance and corrosion resistance.
4. Pharmaceutical intermediates: Urea can be used as pharmaceutical intermediates for the production of some drugs and antibiotics. For example, urea can be used to produce sulfonamides and penicillins.

In short, urea has a wide range of applications in the field of chemical production raw materials, and plays an important role in promoting industrial and agricultural production and improving people's living standards.

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