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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Methyl Chloride

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of the properties and uses
of methyl chloride Methyl chloride is an important organic chemical raw materials, widely used in medicine, pesticides, organic synthesis, solvents and other fields. In this paper, the properties and uses of methyl chloride will be described in detail.

1. the nature of methyl chloride

Methyl chloride is a colorless, transparent, volatile liquid with a pungent odor. It has the following properties:

1. Physical properties

The boiling point of methyl chloride is -24 ℃, the melting point is -97 ℃, the relative density is 0.92, it is insoluble in water and easily soluble in organic solvents. Methyl chloride is highly volatile and easily diffuses in the air.

2. Chemical properties

Chloromethane has strong reactivity and can react with many compounds, such as alcohols, ethers, esters, hydrocarbons, etc. Methyl chloride can also react with water to form methanol and hydrochloric acid.

2. of the use of methyl chloride

as an important organic chemical raw materials, has a wide range of uses:

1. pharmaceutical

of methyl chloride can be used for the synthesis of many pharmaceutical intermediates, such as antibacterial drugs, anti-tumor drugs, anti-tuberculosis drugs. In addition, methyl chloride can also be used in the production of narcotics and sedatives.

2. Pesticide field

Methyl chloride can be used to produce many pesticides, such as insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, etc. These pesticides play an important role in controlling crop diseases and insect pests and improving crop yields.

3.

in the field of organic synthesis As an important methylation reagent, methyl chloride can be used to synthesize many organic compounds, such as ketones, aldehydes, esters, ethers, etc. In addition, methyl chloride can also be used to produce many polymer compounds, such as polymers, plastics, etc.

4. Solvent field

Methyl chloride as an excellent solvent can be used to dissolve many organic and inorganic substances. It is widely used in paint, ink, rubber and other industries.

3. production methods of methyl chloride

of methyl chloride production methods are mainly the following:

1. Methanol

Methanol and hydrogen chloride in the catalyst under the reaction of methyl chloride and water. The method is simple and easy to operate, but it will produce a large amount of waste water.

2. natural gas method

natural gas reacts with chlorine gas under the action of catalyst to generate methyl chloride and hydrogen chloride. This method is easy to obtain raw materials, low cost, but will produce a large number of by-products.

3. Methylene chloride method

methylene chloride reacts with sodium hydroxide to generate methyl chloride and sodium chloride. The yield of this method is high, but the raw material cost is high.

4. the safety and environmental protection of methyl chloride

methyl chloride has certain toxicity and irritation, and long-term exposure will affect human health. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen safety protection measures in the process of production and use. In addition, a large amount of waste water and waste gas will be produced in the production process of methyl chloride, so it is necessary to strengthen environmental protection and reduce environmental pollution.

In short, as an important organic chemical raw material, methyl chloride is widely used in the fields of medicine, pesticide, organic synthesis, solvent and so on. Understanding and mastering the nature and use of methyl chloride is of great significance for improving product quality, reducing costs and promoting the development of the industry.

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