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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Red Phosphorus

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The properties and uses of red phosphorus play an important role in the field of raw materials for chemical production. In this paper, the properties, preparation methods and application of red phosphorus in the production of different chemicals will be discussed in detail.

1. the nature of red phosphorus

red phosphorus is a non-metallic element, chemical symbol P, atomic number 15. At room temperature, red phosphorus is a dark red solid with an amorphous crystalline structure. It has the following properties:

1. Stability: Red phosphorus is very stable at room temperature and is not easy to react with oxygen in the air. However, under high temperature or ignition conditions, red phosphorus can react with oxygen to form phosphorus pentoxide.
2. Reactivity: Red phosphorus has high reactivity and can react with many metals, non-metals, acids and bases to generate corresponding phosphides.
3. Toxicity: Red phosphorus is non-toxic, but under certain conditions, such as high temperature combustion, it will produce toxic phosphorus pentoxide gas.

2. red phosphorus preparation method

industry usually uses yellow phosphorus thermal method to prepare red phosphorus. The method is to heat the yellow phosphorus to 300-400°C to convert it to red phosphorus. In this process, the temperature and atmosphere need to be controlled to avoid the formation of other phosphorus allotropes.

3. the application of red phosphorus in chemical production

red phosphorus in chemical production has a wide range of applications, the following lists several major areas:

1. Pesticides: red phosphorus can be used as insecticides, fungicides and acaricides, used to control crop diseases and insect pests. For example, red phosphorus and sulfur, lime and other ingredients mixed into pesticides, can effectively control a variety of diseases and insect pests.
2. Match manufacturing: Red phosphorus is one of the main components of match head, mixed with sulfur, potassium chlorate, etc. to make match head, friction fire.
3. Fireworks manufacturing: Red phosphorus produces thick white smoke when it burns, so it is often used to make smoke effects in fireworks.
4. Plastic and rubber additives: Red phosphorus can be added to plastics and rubber as a flame retardant to improve its flame retardant properties.

In short, red phosphorus plays an important role in the field of chemical production raw materials, and its unique properties and wide application provide strong support for the development of the chemical industry. In the process of using red phosphorus, it is necessary to fully understand its nature and safe operation requirements to ensure the smooth progress of the production process.

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