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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Phosphorous Acid

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Phosphorous acid is an important raw material for chemical production, with unique properties and a wide range of uses. This article will detail the properties of phosphorous acid, production methods and applications in various fields.

1. the nature of phosphorous acid

phosphorous acid (H3PO2) is a colorless transparent liquid with a pungent odor. It is a binary weak acid with strong reducibility. The structure of phosphorous acid contains a phosphorus atom and three hydroxyl groups, two of which form a phosphodiester bond with the phosphorus atom, and the other hydroxyl group is free. Therefore, phosphorous acid has a certain electrophilicity and nucleophilicity.

phosphorous acid is less acidic than phosphoric acid (H3PO4), it is stronger than sulfuric acid (H2SO3). Thus, phosphorous acid may replace phosphoric acid or sulfurous acid as a reactant in certain reactions. In addition, phosphorous acid also has good thermal stability and oxidation resistance. The production method of

2. phosphorous acid

There are two main methods for industrial production of phosphorous acid: wet method and dry method. The wet method is to react phosphorus trichloride with cold water to generate phosphorous acid and hydrochloric acid, and then to obtain phosphorous acid by distillation. The dry method is to react yellow phosphorus with sodium hydroxide to generate phosphine, and then pass the phosphine into water to generate phosphorous acid and hydrogen.

3. the use of phosphorous acid

1. chemical production

phosphorous acid in chemical production is widely used as a reducing agent, dehydrating agent and catalyst. For example, in alcohol oxidation reactions, phosphorous acid can act as a reducing agent to oxidize alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. In addition, phosphorous acid can also be used to synthesize compounds such as phosphate esters and phospholipids.

2. Pesticide Production

Phosphorous acid is often used as a fungicide and herbicide in pesticide production. For example, phosphorous acid can react with copper salts to form copper phosphite, which is a broad-spectrum fungicide and has a control effect on a variety of plant pathogens.

3. food additive

phosphorous acid can be used as food additives, antiseptic, antioxidant effect. In the process of food processing, the addition of phosphorous acid can prolong the shelf life of food and maintain the color and taste of food.

4.

in the field of medicine In the field of medicine, phosphorous acid can be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of drugs for the production of antibacterial drugs, anticancer drugs and other drugs. In addition, phosphorous acid also has certain pharmacological effects and can be used to treat certain diseases.

5. Electronics Industry

In the electronics industry, phosphorous acid can be used to prepare semiconductor materials, optoelectronic devices, etc. For example, phosphorous acid can be used to prepare compound semiconductor materials such as indium phosphide (InP), and has excellent photoelectric properties.

4. summary

Phosphorous acid as an important raw material for chemical production has a wide range of uses. Phosphorous acid plays an important role in various fields. With the continuous development of science and technology, the application prospect of phosphorous acid will be more broad.

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