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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Propylene Carbonate

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The properties and uses of propylene carbonate play an important role in the field of raw materials for chemical production. In this paper, the properties, production methods, safety, environmental protection and use of propylene carbonate will be discussed in detail.

1. the nature of propylene carbonate

propylene carbonate (Propylene Carbonate, referred to as PC) is a colorless and transparent liquid with a light smell. Its molecular formula is C4H6O3, and its structure contains carbonyl, carbon-carbon double bonds and ether bonds. These functional groups give propylene carbonate many unique chemical and physical properties. Propylene carbonate has a high boiling point (242 ℃), low vapor pressure (0.13kPa/25 ℃), insoluble in water, but miscible with many organic solvents. In addition, it also has excellent electrical insulation and thermal stability, as well as low toxicity, low corrosion and so on.

2. Production Methods of Propylene Carbonate

The production methods of propylene carbonate mainly include a phosgene method, a transesterification method, a urea method, and the like. Among them, the phosgene process is mature, but toxic phosgene will be produced in the production process, which poses a threat to the environment and the health of operators. The ester exchange method uses propylene oxide and carbon dioxide as raw materials, and produces propylene carbonate through two-step reaction of esterification and ring-closing, which is easy to obtain raw materials, simple process, but low yield. The urea rule uses urea and propylene oxide as raw materials to react to obtain propylene carbonate. The yield of this method is high, but a large amount of by-products will be produced in the production process.

3. the safety and environmental protection of propylene carbonate
Although
propylene carbonate has the characteristics of low toxicity and low corrosion, it still needs to pay attention to safety issues in the production process. Contact with strong oxidants, strong acids, etc. should be avoided to avoid accidents caused by chemical reactions. At the same time, the waste gas and waste water generated in the production process also need to be properly treated to ensure that the impact on the environment is minimized.

4. of the use of propylene carbonate

of propylene carbonate in the chemical production of raw materials in the field of a wide range of applications, the main uses include:

1. solvent: propylene carbonate is an excellent solvent, can be used in the production of paint, paint, ink and other products. Because of its low vapor pressure and high boiling point, it can be used at high temperatures, and can improve the drying speed and hardness of the coating.
2. Electrolyte: Propylene carbonate can be used as an electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries. It has the advantages of high conductivity, low viscosity, and wide electrochemical window, which can improve the charge and discharge performance and cycle life of the battery.
3. fine chemical raw materials: propylene carbonate can be used to produce many fine chemical products, such as propylene glycol, dimethyl carbonate and so on.

In short, propylene carbonate plays an important role in the field of chemical production raw materials. Understanding its properties, production methods, safety and environmental protection will help to better apply propylene carbonate and improve the quality and performance of chemical products.

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