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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Maleic Acid

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Maleic acid is an organic compound, also known as maleic acid or male-2-butenedioic acid, which is an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid. Maleic acid is widely used as a raw material for chemical production in industry and has many important properties and uses.

1. the nature of maleic acid

1. physical properties

maleic acid is colorless crystals or white crystalline powder, there is a strong pungent odor. It is easily soluble in water, ethanol and ether, slightly soluble in benzene and chloroform. Maleic acid has a low melting point of 135~136 ℃ and a high boiling point of 357 ℃ (decomposition).

2. chemical properties

maleic acid has unsaturated double bond and carboxyl functional group, so it has strong reactivity. It can occur addition, esterification, amidation, halogenation and other reactions to generate a variety of derivatives.

2. the use of maleic acid

1. production of unsaturated polyester resin

maleic acid can be used as one of the raw materials, and glycol reaction to generate unsaturated polyester resin. This resin has high mechanical strength, heat resistance, chemical resistance and other excellent properties, widely used in glass fiber reinforced plastic, coatings, adhesives and other fields.

2. Production of Pesticide

Maleic acid can be used to produce a variety of pesticides, such as insecticides, fungicides and herbicides. For example, diethyl maleate is a widely used insecticide having a controlling effect on a variety of pests.

3. Production of pharmaceutical intermediates

maleic acid can be used as a raw material for pharmaceutical intermediates for the production of a variety of drugs. For example, maleic anhydride is an important intermediate in the synthesis of vitamin B1.

4. Production of food additive

Maleic acid can be used as a food additive to adjust the taste and sour taste of food. At the same time, it can also be used as a preservative to extend the shelf life of food.

In conclusion, maleic acid as an important raw material for chemical production has a wide range of uses in the industrial field. It is lively in nature and can undergo a variety of chemical reactions to generate a variety of useful derivatives.

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