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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and uses of thioglycolic acid

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Thioglycolic acid (TGA) is a kind of organic compound containing thiol group (-SH) and carboxyl group (-COOH), which is widely used in the field of chemical production raw materials. In this paper, the properties, synthetic methods, uses and safety of thioglycolic acid will be introduced in detail.

1. the properties of thioglycolic acid

1. physical properties: thioglycolic acid is a colorless or yellowish transparent liquid with a strong pungent odor. The boiling point is 181 ℃, the melting point is -16.5 ℃, the relative density is 1.29, soluble in water, ethanol, ether and other solvents.
2. Chemical properties: Thiol in thioglycolic acid has high reactivity and can react with a variety of compounds such as addition, substitution and oxidation. At the same time, the carboxyl group is also acidic and can react with a base to form a salt.

2. thioglycolic acid synthesis method

thioglycolic acid synthesis method mainly has the following several kinds:

1. glyoxal method: glyoxal and sodium hydroxide reaction, generate oxalate salt, and then with sodium hydrosulfide reaction of thioglycolic acid.
2. Chloroacetic acid method: Chloroacetic acid reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to generate thioglycolic acid.
3. Glyoxylic acid method: Glyoxylic acid reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to generate thioglycolic acid.

3. The use of thioglycolic acid

1. Plastic additives: thioglycolic acid can be used as a plastic additive to improve the oxidation resistance, thermal stability and weather resistance of plastics.
2. Rubber vulcanizing agent: Thioglycolic acid can be used as a rubber vulcanizing agent to improve the vulcanization speed and crosslinking density of rubber and improve the performance of rubber.
3. Metal corrosion inhibitor: Thioglycolic acid can be used as a metal corrosion inhibitor to protect the metal surface from corrosion.
4. pharmaceutical intermediates: thioglycolic acid can be used as pharmaceutical intermediates for the synthesis of antibacterial drugs, anticancer drugs and other drugs.

4. the safety
of thioglycolic acid
thioglycolic acid is toxic and corrosive, irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Therefore, pay attention to safety during operation and use, avoid contact with skin and eyes, and wear protective equipment.

In short, thioglycolic acid as an important raw material for the production of chemicals, has a wide range of applications. In the actual production and application process, we should fully understand its nature and safety, and strictly abide by the operating procedures to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the production process.

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