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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Butane

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Butane is a common chemical raw material with many important properties and uses. This article will detail the nature of butane, production methods, uses and safety aspects of the content.

1. the properties of butane

butane is a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the molecular formula C4H10. It has a lower boiling point (-0.5°C) and a higher vapor pressure (101.3kPa at 25°C), so it is gaseous at room temperature. Butane is insoluble in water, but is miscible with many organic solvents.

butane has the typical chemical properties of alkanes, such as substitution reaction, oxidation reaction, etc. Under certain conditions, butane can undergo cracking reactions to produce low-carbon olefins such as ethylene and propylene, which is one of the important industrial uses of butane. The production method of

2. butane

butane mainly comes from natural gas and petroleum, and high purity butane products can be obtained by separation and refining methods. The production methods commonly used in industry include cryogenic separation, adsorption and membrane separation.

1. cryogenic separation method: using the boiling point difference of each component in natural gas or oil, it is separated by cryogenic technology to obtain butane products.
2. Adsorption method: the selective adsorption of the adsorbent is used to separate butane from the mixed gas.
3. Membrane separation method: using the selective permeation of the membrane to separate butane from other components through the membrane.

3. the use of butane

butane in the field of chemical production has a wide range of uses, the following list of several main aspects:

1. fuel: butane can be used as a torch, furnace combustion fuel, as well as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) one of the main components.
2. Refrigerant: Butane has a low boiling point and can be used as a refrigerant for cryogenic cooling and freezing.
3. Organic synthetic raw materials: butane can be cracked to produce low-carbon olefins such as ethylene and propylene, which are used to produce organic synthetic materials such as plastics, synthetic rubber and fibers.
4. Solvents: Butane can be used as a solvent in certain chemical reactions and extraction processes.

4. the safety
of butane
Although butane has a wide range of uses in many fields, as a flammable gas, it needs to be safe during use. The following are some precautions about the safety of butane:

1. Storage and transportation: Butane should be stored in a cool, ventilated and dry place, away from fire and heat sources. During transportation, relevant safety regulations should be observed to ensure that the gas will not leak or cause a fire.
2. Operation: In the process of using butane, the relevant operating procedures and safety standards should be observed to ensure the occurrence of safety accidents such as gas leakage or fire. At the same time, the use of butane in confined spaces should be avoided to prevent the accumulation of gas causing explosion or poisoning.
3. Protective measures: In the process of using butane, effective protective measures should be taken, such as wearing protective gloves, goggles and other personal protective equipment, in order to avoid the harm of gas to human body.

In short, butane as a common chemical production raw materials, has a wide range of uses and important economic value. In the process of use, we should fully understand its nature and safety requirements, and strictly abide by the relevant safety regulations and operating procedures to ensure the safety and stability of the production process.

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