Current Location： Home > News > Chemical Knowledge > Properties and Uses of Acetonitrile

[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Acetonitrile

Read： 1098 Time：12months ago Source：Transform the World with Simplicity

The properties and uses of acetonitrile are of great value in the field of raw materials for chemical production. In this paper, the properties, production methods, safety, environmental protection and use of acetonitrile will be introduced in detail to show its important position in the chemical industry.

1. the nature of acetonitrile

acetonitrile is a colorless, transparent, pungent odor of liquid, molecular formula CH3CN, structure simple formula CH3-C ≡N. Acetonitrile has strong polarity and can be miscible with water, alcohol, ether and other solvents. In addition, acetonitrile also has the following properties:

1. Flammability: acetonitrile is flammable and produces a blue flame when burning.
2. Toxicity: Acetonitrile is toxic to the human body. It can enter the human body through the skin, respiratory tract and digestive tract, causing damage to the central nervous system and liver.
3. Reactivity: Acetonitrile has certain reactivity and can react with many compounds such as addition and substitution.

2. acetonitrile production methods

acetonitrile production methods are mainly the following:

1. acetylene method: acetylene and ammonia in the catalyst under the reaction, the generation of acetonitrile.
2. propylene ammoxidation method: propylene, ammonia and air are oxidized under the action of catalyst to generate acetonitrile.
3. acetaldehyde method: acetaldehyde and hydrocyanic acid are added under the action of catalyst to generate acetonitrile.

Among them, propylene ammoxidation is a commonly used method in industrial production, which has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials, high yield and good environmental protection.

3. the safety and environmental protection of acetonitrile

Because acetonitrile is toxic and flammable, special attention should be paid to safety during production and use. Should be stored in a cool, ventilated, dry warehouse, away from fire and heat sources. In the process of use, should wear protective equipment, avoid direct contact with skin and eyes.

At the same time, the production and use of acetonitrile also need to consider environmental protection. Waste gas, waste water and solid waste generated in the production process need to be effectively treated and disposed to avoid harm to the environment and human body.

4. the use of acetonitrile

acetonitrile in the field of chemical production of raw materials has a wide range of uses, mainly used in the following areas:

1. solvent: acetonitrile is an excellent solvent, can be used for extraction, distillation, washing and other chemical process.
2. Synthetic intermediate: Acetonitrile can be used as a synthetic intermediate for the preparation of a variety of chemical products and drugs.
3. Production of Cellulose Derivatives: Acetonitrile can be used to produce cellulose derivatives such as cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, etc.
4. Production of surfactants: Acetonitrile can be used to produce surfactants, such as sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, etc.

In summary, acetonitrile has important properties and uses in the field of chemical production feedstocks. Understanding and mastering the knowledge of the nature, production methods, safety, environmental protection and use of acetonitrile is of great significance for improving the production efficiency and product quality of chemical products, ensuring production safety and environmental protection.

Previous： Properties and Uses of Dimethyl Carbonate (Technical Grade)

Next： Properties and Uses of Cyclohexane

News Categories