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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Methanol

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Methanol is an important organic chemical raw material, which is widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, energy and other fields. This article will detail the nature and use of methanol.

1. the nature of methanol

1. physical properties

methanol is a colorless, transparent, volatile liquid, pungent odor. Its molecular formula is CH3OH, relative molecular mass is 32.04, melting point is -97.6 ℃, boiling point is 64.7 ℃, can be miscible with water, alcohol, ether and other organic solvents.

2. chemical properties

methanol has a strong reduction, easy to be oxidized to formaldehyde, formic acid and other compounds. At the same time, methanol also has the generality of alcohol, can occur esterification, etherification, dehydration and other reactions.

2. the use of methanol

1. chemical raw materials

of methanol is an important chemical raw materials, can be used for the production of formaldehyde, formic acid, methyl amine, dimethyl ether, acetic acid and other chemical products. Among them, formaldehyde is the main raw material for the production of phenolic resin, urea-formaldehyde resin and other important adhesives, and can also be used to produce vinylon fibers and dyes; formic acid can be used to produce formate, formate, etc.; dimethyl ether is a clean Energy can be used to replace diesel and liquefied gas.

2. Solvent

Methanol is a good organic solvent that can be used to dissolve many organic substances, such as resins, paints, inks, etc. In addition, methanol can also be used for cleaning machinery, electronic equipment, etc.

3. Fuel

Methanol can be used as a fuel for combustion to generate heat or electricity. In some countries, methanol is used as a vehicle fuel or mixed with gasoline to improve fuel economy and environmental protection.

4.

in other fields In addition to the above areas, methanol can also be used to produce pesticides, pharmaceutical intermediates, etc. At the same time, methanol can also be used to prepare biodiesel and biogas.

3. methanol production method

methanol production method mainly has two kinds of synthesis and biological method. The synthetic method is based on coal, natural gas and other raw materials, through the synthesis of gas (CO and H2) chemical reaction to produce methanol; biological law is through microbial fermentation or enzyme catalytic conversion of biomass as raw materials to produce methanol. At present, methanol is mainly produced by synthetic method in industry.

4. the safety and environmental protection of methanol

Because methanol is toxic, flammable and explosive, it is necessary to strictly abide by safety operation procedures and environmental protection requirements during production and use. At the same time, the production and use of methanol may also produce some pollutants such as waste gas and waste water, and effective treatment measures need to be taken to reduce the impact on the environment.

In conclusion, methanol, as an important organic chemical raw material, has broad application prospects in the field of chemical production raw materials. Understanding and mastering the nature and use of methanol is of great significance to improve the production efficiency and product quality of chemical products.

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