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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Pure Benzene

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Pure benzene is an important raw material for chemical production, with unique properties and a wide range of uses. This article will detail the properties of pure benzene, production methods, quality standards, safety and its application in various fields.

1. the nature of pure benzene

pure benzene is a colorless and transparent, aromatic smell of liquid. Its molecular formula is C6H6, the structure of six carbon atoms to form a six-membered ring, each carbon atom attached to a hydrogen atom. Pure benzene has the following properties:

1. Physical properties: The boiling point of pure benzene is 80.1 ℃, the melting point is 5.5 ℃, and the relative density is 0.8765(20/4 ℃). Pure benzene is insoluble in water, but is miscible with many organic solvents.
2. Chemical properties: Pure benzene has high chemical stability, but under certain conditions, it can react with hydrogen, halogen, nitric acid, etc. In addition, pure benzene is also oxidizing and can be burned in air.

2. of pure benzene production methods

of pure benzene production methods are mainly the following:

1. Petroleum cracking method: through high temperature cracking oil, the aromatic mixture including pure benzene is obtained, and then pure benzene is obtained through separation and purification.
2. Coal tar method: pure benzene is extracted from coal tar and obtained through separation and purification steps.
3. Synthesis method: Pure benzene is synthesized by chemical reaction, for example, ethylene and hydrogen are reacted under the action of a catalyst.

3. the quality standard of pure benzene

the quality standard of pure benzene mainly includes purity, moisture, acidity, chroma and other indicators. Among them, the purity is the main index to measure the quality of pure benzene, and the purity is generally required to be above 99.5%. Water, acidity, color and other indicators also need to comply with the relevant provisions.

4. the safety
of pure benzene
pure benzene has a certain toxicity, long-term exposure or inhalation of pure benzene vapor may lead to poisoning. Poisoning symptoms include headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and so on. Therefore, in the process of production and use, it is necessary to strictly abide by the safety operation procedures to ensure the health of the staff.

5. the use of pure benzene

of pure benzene in the chemical production of raw materials in the field of a wide range of uses, mainly used in the following areas:

1. organic synthesis: pure benzene can be used as many organic synthesis of raw materials, such as synthetic rubber, plastics, fibers and so on.
2. Solvent: Pure benzene has good solubility and can be used as a solvent for the production of paints, inks, resins, etc.
3. chemical intermediates: pure benzene can be used as a raw material for the production of many chemical intermediates, such as aniline, phenol, benzoic acid and so on.

In short, pure benzene, as an important raw material for chemical production, plays an important role in various fields. Understanding and mastering the nature of pure benzene, production methods, quality standards, safety and use of knowledge, for improving the efficiency of chemical production and product quality is of great significance. In the actual production process, the relevant regulations and operating procedures should be strictly observed to ensure the smooth progress of production safety.

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