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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Maleic Anhydride

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The properties and uses of maleic anhydride play an important role in the field of raw materials for chemical production. In this paper, the properties, production methods, uses and market prospects of maleic anhydride will be discussed in detail.

1. the nature of maleic anhydride

maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C4H2O3. It has the following properties:

1. Physical properties: maleic anhydride is colorless crystals, a special pungent smell. It is easy to sublimate, melting point of 52.8 ℃, boiling point of 202 ℃. Maleic anhydride is insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone and other organic solvents.
2. Chemical properties: maleic anhydride has high reactivity and is prone to addition, esterification, acylation and other reactions. Its carboxyl and anhydride groups can be hydrolyzed, alcoholysis and aminolysis reactions under appropriate conditions.

2. maleic anhydride production methods

maleic anhydride production methods are mainly the following:

1. n-butane oxidation method: n-butane as raw material, through catalytic oxidation of maleic anhydride. The raw materials of the method are easy to obtain and the cost is low, but the reaction conditions are relatively harsh and the environment of high temperature and high pressure is required.
2. butene oxidation method: butene as raw material, after oxidation reaction to generate maleic anhydride. This method has high raw material utilization, but the catalyst activity is limited.
3. benzene oxidation method: benzene as raw material, through the oxidation of maleic anhydride. This method is gradually replaced by other methods because of its high raw material cost and complex process.

3. the use of maleic anhydride

maleic anhydride in the field of chemical production raw materials has a wide range of uses, mainly including the following aspects:

1. synthetic resin: maleic anhydride can be used as a raw material for synthetic resin, such as unsaturated polyester resin, acrylic resin, etc. These resins have excellent chemical corrosion resistance and can be used in the manufacture of chemical equipment, pipelines, etc.
2. Plasticizer: maleic anhydride can be used as a plasticizer for plastic processing to improve the flexibility, processability and impact resistance of plastics.
3. pesticide and pharmaceutical intermediates: maleic anhydride can be used in the synthesis of pesticides and pharmaceutical intermediates, such as fungicides, herbicides, etc.
4. Food additives: maleic anhydride can be used as food additives to improve food taste and improve food preservation.

4. market prospects

With the continuous development of science and technology, the application prospect of maleic anhydride in the field of chemical production raw materials is more and more broad. In the future, with the improvement of environmental awareness and the rapid development of new energy industry, the application of maleic anhydride in the field of new energy will gradually increase. Therefore, the market prospect of maleic anhydride is very broad.

In short, maleic anhydride, as an important raw material for chemical production, has a wide range of uses and broad market prospects. With the continuous progress of science and technology and the expansion of application fields, maleic anhydride will continue to play an important role in the future production of chemical products.

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