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[Chemical Knowledge]：Nature and use of piped natural gas

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The nature and use
of pipeline natural gas
1. Introduction

pipeline natural gas is an important energy source widely used in the field of raw materials for chemical production, and its main component is methane (CH4). Due to its unique nature, pipeline natural gas plays a pivotal role in chemical production. This article will discuss in detail the nature of pipeline natural gas and its application in the field of chemical production raw materials.

2. The nature of pipeline natural gas

1. Composition and composition: pipeline natural gas is mainly composed of methane, generally containing a small amount of ethane, propane, butane and other hydrocarbon gases and carbon dioxide, nitrogen and other non-hydrocarbon gases.
2. Calorific value: The calorific value of pipeline natural gas is higher, and the calorific value per cubic meter of natural gas is about 35.6 MJ, making it a high-quality energy source.
3. Colorless and tasteless: The pipeline natural gas itself is colorless and tasteless. In order to facilitate the detection and discovery of leaks, a odorant called tetrahydrothiophene is usually added.

3. The use of pipeline natural gas

In the field of chemical production raw materials, pipeline natural gas has a wide range of uses, mainly in the following aspects:

1. raw gas: pipeline natural gas can be used as the production of synthetic ammonia, methanol and other chemicals raw gas. Through natural gas hydrogen production, natural gas synthesis gas and other processes, can further produce ethylene, propylene and other important basic chemical raw materials.
2. Fuel gas: Pipeline natural gas can be used as fuel gas in the chemical production process to provide heat energy for the reactor, hot blast stove and other equipment. Compared with other fuels, pipeline natural gas has the advantages of high calorific value, complete combustion and low pollution.
3. Coolant: In some chemical production processes, pipeline natural gas can be used as a coolant to reduce the temperature of production equipment by using its low-temperature cooling effect.

4. Case Analysis

Taking synthetic ammonia production as an example, the role of pipeline natural gas in it is as follows: First, natural gas undergoes steam reforming reaction to generate a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide (syngas), and the syngas undergoes compression, desulfurization, and conversion. After other processes, it enters the synthesis tower and synthesizes ammonia under the action of a catalyst. In this process, the pipeline natural gas is used as both raw gas and fuel gas to provide energy and raw materials for the production of synthetic ammonia.

5. conclusion

pipeline natural gas has a wide range of uses in the field of chemical production raw materials, not only as raw material gas and fuel gas, but also as a coolant. Due to its unique nature, pipeline natural gas is of great significance in improving chemical production efficiency, reducing energy consumption and reducing pollution. With the continuous development of chemical technology, pipeline natural gas will be more widely used in the field of chemical production raw materials.

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