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[Chemical Knowledge]：What are the upstream raw materials for p-nitrochlorobenzene? What are the downstream products?

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P-nitrochlorobenzene is an important raw material for chemical production, which is widely used in medicine, pesticide, dye and other fields. Its upstream and downstream related products are numerous, and some of the main products are described in detail below.

1. Upstream product

(1) Benzene: Benzene is one of the main raw materials of p-nitrochlorobenzene, and p-nitrochlorobenzene can be generated through nitration reaction.

(2) Chlorine: Chlorine is used as an oxidant in the production of p-nitrochlorobenzene, reacts with benzene to generate chlorobenzene, and then reacts to generate p-nitrochlorobenzene.

(3) Nitric acid: Nitric acid is used as a nitrating agent in the production of p-nitrochlorobenzene and reacts with chlorobenzene to form p-nitrochlorobenzene.

2. Downstream product

(1) p-aminophenol: p-nitrochlorobenzene can be converted into p-aminophenol through reduction reaction, which is an important pharmaceutical intermediate and can be used to produce antibacterial drugs, antipyretic analgesics and other drugs.

(2) p-nitroaniline: p-nitrobenzene chloride can also be further reduced to generate p-nitroaniline, which is an important dye intermediate and can be used to produce yellow, orange, red and other dyes.

(3) p-nitrobenzoic acid: p-nitrobenzoic acid can be generated by hydrolysis of p-nitrochlorobenzene, which is a pesticide intermediate and can be used to produce pesticides such as fungicides and herbicides.

In short, as an important chemical raw material, p-nitrochlorobenzene has a wide range of upstream and downstream related products, involving medicine, pesticides, dyes and other fields.

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