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[Chemical Knowledge]：What are the upstream raw materials for nitric acid? What do the downstream products contain?

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As an important chemical raw material, nitric acid is widely used in the industrial field. Its upstream and downstream related products are numerous, forming a relatively complete industrial chain. The following will detail the upstream and downstream associated products of nitric acid.

upstream products:

1. ammonia: nitric acid production mainly ammonia as raw material, obtained by oxidation reaction. Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen, usually synthesized by the Haber method, or extracted from natural gas, coal and other resources.

2. Air: The production of nitric acid also requires the participation of oxygen in the air to oxidize ammonia to obtain nitric acid.

downstream products:

1. nitrate: nitric acid and alkali metal or alkaline earth metal reaction, can generate the corresponding nitrate. Such as sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, etc., these nitrates are widely used in chemical fertilizers, gunpowder and other fields.

2. Nitro compounds: Nitric acid reacts with hydrocarbons to generate nitro compounds, such as nitrobenzene, nitromethane, etc. Nitro compounds have important applications in dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides and other fields.

3. Nitrogen oxides: Nitric acid decomposes at high temperature to generate nitrogen oxides, such as nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, etc. Nitrogen oxides are widely used in chemical industry, environmental protection and other fields.

4. Acid cleaning agent: Nitric acid can also be used as a cleaning agent to remove oxides and stains on metal surfaces.

From the above introduction, it can be seen that there are many upstream and downstream related products of nitric acid, involving a wide range of fields. The production and application of nitric acid is of great significance to the operation of the entire chemical industry chain.

However, there are some problems and challenges in the production and use of nitric acid and its related products. For example, the production process of nitric acid will produce a large amount of waste gas, waste water and other pollutants, which will have a certain impact on the environment. Therefore, in the production and application of nitric acid and its related products, it is necessary to strengthen environmental protection management and technological innovation, improve resource utilization and reduce environmental pollution.

In addition, with the rapid development of the chemical industry and the intensification of market competition, the production and application of nitric acid and its related products are also facing some new challenges and opportunities. Enterprises need to strengthen technological innovation and product research and development, improve product quality and added value to meet market demand and improve enterprise competitiveness.

In short, nitric acid as an important raw material for chemical production has a wide range of applications in the industrial field. Its upstream and downstream related products are numerous, forming a relatively complete industrial chain. In the production and application of nitric acid and its related products, it is necessary to strengthen environmental protection management and technological innovation, improve resource utilization and reduce environmental pollution. At the same time, enterprises need to strengthen technological innovation and product research and development, improve product quality and added value, so as to meet market demand and improve competitiveness.

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