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[Chemical Knowledge]：What are the upstream raw materials for helium and what are the downstream products?

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Helium has a wide range of applications in the field of chemical production raw materials, and its upstream and downstream related products are also quite rich. The following are some upstream and downstream related products related to helium:

1. Upstream products:

(1) Natural gas: Helium is usually extracted as a by-product of natural gas. In the process of natural gas field exploitation, helium gas gushes out together with natural gas.

(2) Air separation: Through air separation technology, helium can be extracted from the air. Air contains about 0.0005 percent helium, which can be separated by cryogenic separation or membrane separation.

2. Downstream products:

(1) Welding shielding gas: Helium is used as a shielding gas during the welding process to prevent metal oxidation and improve welding quality.

(2) leak detection gas: Helium has excellent permeability and can be used to detect leaks in various sealing systems.

(3) Refrigerant: Helium has good thermal conductivity and can be used as a refrigerant in low-temperature experiments and refrigeration equipment.

(4) Electronics industry: Helium is used as a carrier gas and dilution gas in the electronics industry, and is widely used in semiconductor manufacturing, optical fiber production and other fields.

(5) Medical industry: Helium has the characteristics of low toxicity, non-flammable, non-explosive, etc., and is used as an anesthetic and respiratory therapy agent in the medical industry.

(6) Scientific research field: Helium is used as a standard gas and calibration gas in the scientific research field, and can be used to measure physical quantities such as gas flow, pressure, temperature, etc.

In short, the upstream and downstream related products of helium are quite rich and are widely used in various fields such as chemical industry, electronics, medical treatment, and scientific research.

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