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[Chemical Knowledge]：Exploring the principle of liquid nitrogen refrigeration, let science and technology change the future

Read： 756 Time：14months ago Source：Transform the World with Simplicity

Walking into the world of modern science and technology, we will find that human beings use all their strength and technology to develop and exert the power of nature. When exploring the power behind technology, liquid nitrogen refrigeration is an area that cannot be ignored. Liquid nitrogen refrigeration technology has been widely used in the medical field, coal chemical industry, electronic production and other fields. We often say that biomedical refrigeration, rapid cooling in chemical production, and ultra-low temperature testing of electronic components are the results of liquid nitrogen refrigeration.

the principle of liquid nitrogen refrigeration

to understand how liquid nitrogen refrigeration is achieved, we need to first understand liquid nitrogen, which is a liquid formed by compressing and cooling gaseous nitrogen at room temperature so that the molecular structure is close to each other. The main principle of applying liquid nitrogen to refrigeration is the temperature change in the chemical reaction. During melting (the conversion of an object from a solid state to a liquid state) or evaporation (the conversion of an object from a liquid state to a gaseous state), a large amount of internal energy needs to be absorbed to carry out these chemical reactions, and the corresponding absorption of heat can achieve a rapid cooling result.

liquid nitrogen refrigeration mainly includes the following steps: first, crude air obtains oxygen through centrifugal oxygen generation mechanism; Then the oxygen is pressurized to prepare high-concentration oxygen gas; Finally, the gas is pressurized (usually hydrogen is used) to cool it to a condenser below -170 ℃ without heating to obtain liquid nitrogen.

application scenarios

Now, liquid nitrogen refrigeration has been widely used in various fields. Biological freezing technology in the medical field, through the characteristics of liquid nitrogen, can freeze cells to -196 ℃ under the action of refrigerant to prevent cell death and corruption. In chemical production, liquid nitrogen refrigeration can realize many process requirements such as rapid cooling, thus improving the output and quality of chemicals. In the ultra-low temperature test of electronic components, liquid nitrogen refrigeration can be used under the condition that the components meet the temperature test requirements, the operation performance of electronic components has been greatly improved, thus opening up a new direction for the research of microprocessors and semiconductors.

summary

liquid nitrogen refrigeration as a high-tech technology from the beginning of research and development to the present, after a long period of research and technology improvement, has been widely used in many fields, has brought us a lot of benefits. As we know all the technology is from the scientific theory to the final realization, liquid nitrogen refrigeration is the same, it needs to go through the multi-discipline multi-field interaction and role, in order to play the greatest application value. With the continuous development of the times, the continuous improvement and progress of science and technology, liquid nitrogen refrigeration will continue to grow in the future development, bringing us more practical application scenarios and technology updates.

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