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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production process and preparation method of benzyl chloride

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Benzene chloride is an important chemical widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries. It is a colorless and transparent liquid with strong volatility and smoke. It is widely used in pharmaceutical, dyes, coatings, spices and other industries. In this paper, the production process and preparation method of benzyl chloride will be introduced in detail.

1. production process
There are four main production processes for
chlorination: direct chlorination, diazo, brominated chlorination and clining (Kiliani).

1. direct chlorination method

direct chlorination method is one of the most commonly used benzyl chloride production process, its principle is to benzyl chloride and chlorine reaction at high temperature and high pressure, generate benzyl chloride. The specific operation steps are as follows:

(1) Place the benzyl powder in a reaction kettle, and add a small amount of benzene to make the benzyl into a homogeneous mixture. The reaction kettle is sealed

(2), and chlorine gas is introduced into the reaction kettle.

(3) The reaction kettle is heated to a high temperature and high pressure state, so that benzyl and chlorine are reacted to generate benzyl chloride.

(4) After completion of the reaction, the product is washed with water and purified by distillation or washing.

2. diazo method

diazo method is a chemical reaction by diazo to prepare benzyl chloride process, the principle is to first benzyl and nitric acid reaction of benzyl nitrate, and then benzyl nitrate and sodium chloride reaction of benzyl chloride. The specific operation steps are as follows:

(1) Benzyl is dissolved in nitric acid, sodium nitrite is added, heated to 40-60 DEG C, the reaction generates benzyl nitrite. Sodium hydroxide was added

(2) to precipitate benzyl hydroxide. The precipitate was filtered and washed clean.

(3) Sodium chloride is added to benzyl hydroxide and reacted to produce benzyl chloride. The product is filtered

(4) and washed with water and purified by distillation or washing.

3. Benzyl Brominate Chlorination

Benzyl brominate chlorination is similar to direct chlorination, but the chlorine gas used is reacted with benzyl bromide to form benzyl chloride. The specific operation steps are as follows:

(1) Benzene bromide is placed in a reaction kettle, and benzene is added as a solvent.

(2) The chlorine gas is introduced into the reaction kettle, and the reaction generates benzyl chloride. The product is isolated

(3) and purified by distillation or washing.

4.

of the clining method The clining method is a method of using benzyl chloride in sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) solution to hydrolyze to form a soluble precipitate in the aqueous phase instead of the original spent flux bronze and chlorine. The method can produce high-purity benzyl chloride. The specific operation steps are as follows:

(1) Mix benzyl and sodium carbonate, then add water, add a stirring rod and stir evenly.