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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production process and preparation method of citric acid

Read： 490 Time：18months ago Source：Transform the World with Simplicity

Citric acid is a widely used organic acid, which is widely used in food, chemistry, medicine and other fields. The production process and preparation method of citric acid have also been studied.

1. Production process of citric acid
The production process of citric acid mainly includes solid-state fermentation and liquid fermentation. Now liquid fermentation is more mature, so it is widely used.

(1) Solid-state fermentation
Solid-state fermentation mainly uses three-dimensional fermentation equipment in a fixed space, so that microorganisms can grow and multiply on cheaper raw materials such as lemon dregs, sawdust and soybean cakes, and secrete citric acid. This method has the advantages that it does not need to be put into the bioreactor and the technology is relatively simple. However, the shortcomings of solid-state fermentation, such as long production cycle, small yield and unstable quality, are also obvious.

(2) Liquid Fermentation
Liquid fermentation is to ferment raw materials such as waste peels in a liquid medium containing a citric acid-producing strain by using microorganisms. Compared with solid-state fermentation, liquid fermentation has the advantages of low input, high output and short cycle, and has become the mainstream production method of citric acid. However, liquid fermentation also has the problems of high medium cost and high environmental control accuracy.

2. citric acid preparation method
citric acid preparation method has extrusion method, distillation method, extraction method and chemical method.

(1) Extrusion method The
extrusion method is to squeeze the fresh lemon pulp, and obtain lemon juice by means of filtration and centrifugation. Then the use of centrifugal separation of lemon juice pectin, protein, malic acid and other impurities, and then through the concentration, crystallization and other processing stages of citric acid in lemon juice extracted. Although this method has sufficient raw materials, it needs to consume a lot of energy in the process of lemon concentration and crystallization, which consumes environmental resources.

(2) distillation method
distillation method is to pyrolyze lemon juice, and then condense citric acid sublimation particles to recover by distillation. This method has high extraction efficiency, but because of the need for high-temperature processing, the quality of citric acid will be reduced, and harmful gases such as formaldehyde will be generated, which is not suitable for the preparation of citric acid.

(3) extraction method The
extraction method is to extract citric acid by acid-base neutralization and salting out using the solubility difference of citric acid in lemon juice. This method can extract citric acid under mild conditions, and the extraction efficiency is high, is a more feasible method of citric acid preparation.