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[Chemical Knowledge]：What chemicals are the most corrosive?

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Chemicals are the important products of human industrial development, they play an important role in the production process, but at the same time there are some dangers. Among them, corrosivity is one of the most dangerous characteristics of chemicals, because it can directly cause harm to the human body and the environment. So, what chemicals are the most corrosive?

we need to understand what chemicals are corrosive. Corrosivity refers to the nature of substances that can cause them to lose their original integrity and function after contact with metal, ceramics, glass and other surfaces. The corrosiveness of chemicals is usually determined by the degree of hydrolysis in water and acid-base solutions, which can be divided into acid, alkaline and oxidizing.

1. Acidic Substances

Acidic substances are a class of chemicals capable of releasing hydrogen ions (H), which are often highly corrosive. Common acidic substances include organic acids, inorganic acids and halogen acids. Among them, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid are the most common inorganic acids, which are extremely corrosive and can corrode materials such as metals, glass and limestone.

acidic substances are also very harmful to the human body. For example, sulfuric acid can cause chemical burns to the skin and eyes, and even cause blindness; nitric acid and hydrochloric acid can cause damage to the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidney, and central nervous system, and in severe cases, death.

2. Alkaline

Alkaline substances refer to chemicals that release hydroxide ions (OH-), and they are usually also strongly corrosive. Common alkaline substances include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and ammonia. Among them, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride are usually used to prepare other chemicals, but they are also the most corrosive alkaline substances.

alkaline substances are also very harmful to the human body. Sodium hydroxide can cause chemical burns to the skin and eyes, and severely cause tissue necrosis; ammonia can cause respiratory tract and skin irritation, and long-term exposure can also cause central nervous system dysfunction and liver and kidney damage.

3. Oxidizing Substances

Oxidizing substances refer to chemicals capable of accepting electrons, which are also strongly corrosive. Common oxidizing substances include hydrogen peroxide, perchloric acid, ammonium persulfate, and chloric acid. Among them, the corrosion of perchloric acid is the strongest, it can corrode metals, ceramics, glass and other substances.

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