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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production process and preparation method of acrylic acid

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Acrylic acid is a common organic compound, widely used in plastics, rubber, coatings, textiles and other industries. The production process and preparation method of acrylic acid are of great significance to the development of industry. This article will introduce several common acrylic acid production processes and preparation methods.

Production process of 1. acrylic acid
1. Cyanide process
cyanidation process is the traditional production process of acrylic acid, the method of propylene alkane and hydrogen through the catalyst reaction to prepare acrylonitrile, and then the hydrolysis of acrylonitrile to prepare acrylic acid, the reaction reducing agent is hydrogen, promote the regeneration of the catalyst. The advantages of this process are simple process, easy to obtain raw materials, but there are environmental problems, at the same time, the selection, recovery and treatment of catalysts are difficult, and the process cost is high.
2. Oxidation process
oxidation process is a modern production process of acrylic acid. This method converts propylene alkane into propionaldehyde through oxidant reaction, and then oxidizes propionaldehyde into acrylic acid. The reaction oxidant is oxygen. Its advantages are environmental protection and low energy consumption. However, it is easy to cause side reactions in the reaction process. At the same time, the purity of raw materials is high, and the process is relatively difficult.
3. Proportional mixing process
proportional mixing process is the acrylonitrile and propylene alkane input reactor at the same time, through the action of the catalyst, produce oxidation reaction, thus generating acrylic acid. The advantages of this process are good economy, low production cost, but the operation is difficult, the safety is low, and the product purity is not high.

Preparation method of 2. acrylic acid
1. Preparation of acrylonitrile by cyanidation
cyanidation is the main method for preparing acrylonitrile. Acrylonitrile is prepared by reacting propylene alkane and hydrogen through a catalyst. The reaction temperature is 200-250 degrees Celsius, the reaction pressure is 0.5-10 MPa, and the reaction time is 1-5 hours. The reaction product can be used to produce acrylic acid after purification, decolorization and dehydration treatment.
2. Preparation of acrylic acid by oxidation of acrolein
acrolein oxidation method is one of the main methods for preparing acrylic acid. The propylene alkane is partially oxidized to propionaldehyde, and then the propionaldehyde is converted to acrylic acid through hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction. The reaction temperature is 50-150 degrees Celsius, the reaction pressure is 0.1-5 MPa, and the reaction time is 8-12 hours. The reaction product can be used for production after decolorization, dehydration, separation and purification.
3. Preparation of acrylic acid by mixed acid method
the mixed acid method is to mix concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid in a certain proportion, and then add acrylonitrile to the mixed acid to react to generate acrylic acid. The reaction temperature is 20-80 degrees Celsius, the reaction time is 2-3 hours, and the reaction product is distilled And it can be used for production with water washing.

This article introduces the production process and preparation method of acrylic acid. Different processes have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the production process needs to be selected according to the actual situation. Acrylic acid is widely used in industrial production, and the research and optimization of its preparation method is an important subject of industrial development.

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