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75% alcohol (volume fraction) can be used for skin disinfection, but not for mucous membrane and large wound disinfection.
In biological tests, microbial sterilization can be carried out by dry heat sterilization and wet heat sterilization. After testing some plastic products, in order to prevent pollution expansion, it can be soaked in 75% alcohol for 24 hours, and bacteria and fungi can usually be killed.
In daily life, it is common for some people to scrub wounds with medical alcohol to achieve the purpose of sterilization and disinfection. However, it is worth noting that the alcohol bought in pharmacies has 75% and 95% concentrations. The 75% alcohol can be used for disinfection, while the 95% alcohol is only used for wiping ultraviolet lamps.
Alcohol molecules have strong penetration and can pass through the membrane on the surface of bacteria and enter the inside of bacteria, coagulate the proteins that form the basis of bacterial life and kill bacteria.
However, different concentrations of alcohol will make different uses.
95% alcohol is used to wipe ultraviolet lamps. This alcohol is commonly used in hospitals, but in families it is only used for camera lens cleaning.
70%-75% alcohol is used for disinfection. This is because too high a concentration of alcohol will form a protective film on the surface of the bacteria, preventing it from entering the bacteria body, and it is difficult to kill the bacteria completely. If the alcohol concentration is too low, although it can enter the bacteria, it cannot coagulate the protein in its body, nor can it completely kill the bacteria.
40%-50% alcohol can prevent bedsore. The back, waist and buttocks of long-term bedridden patients can cause bedsores due to long-term pressure. For example, if a little 40%-50% alcohol is poured into the hands during massage and the pressed parts of the patients are evenly massaged, the purpose of promoting local blood circulation and preventing the formation of bedsores can be achieved.
25%-50% alcohol can be used for physical fever reduction. Patients with high fever can use it to wipe their bodies to achieve the purpose of cooling. Because wiping the skin with alcohol can dilate the blood vessels of the patient's skin and increase the heat dissipation capacity of the skin. Its volatility can also absorb and take away a lot of heat and relieve the symptoms. But the alcohol concentration should not be too high, otherwise it may irritate the skin and absorb a lot of water from the epidermis. The specific method is: wet gauze or small towel with alcohol, twist to semi-dry wipe neck, chest, armpit, limbs and hands and feet.
Do not disinfect with 75% alcohol for a long time, because the long-term use of the same disinfectant may cause the resistance of bacteria to this, thus reducing or even losing the sterilization effect, leading to unnecessary errors, disinfection of the instrument can be used alternately with benzalkonium bromide, while directly used for human body can be used alternately with iodine.
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