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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production method and process of butadiene for industrial use

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The manufacturing method
of industrial butadiene
Abstract:

This paper introduces the manufacturing method of industrial butadiene, and focuses on the process of preparing butadiene by catalytic dehydrogenation with ethylene and butene as raw materials. The method has the advantages of easy access to raw materials, mild reaction conditions and high selectivity, and is suitable for large-scale production. Through the detailed description of the reaction principle, process flow and catalyst selection, it provides theoretical guidance for the production of butadiene.

1. Introduction

Butadiene is an important chemical raw material, widely used in synthetic rubber, plastics, fibers and other fields. With the rapid development of the chemical industry, the demand for butadiene is increasing year by year. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the manufacturing method of butadiene, improve production efficiency and reduce production cost for promoting the development of chemical industry.

2. Industrial Butadiene Manufacturing Method

1. Catalytic Dehydrogenation

Catalytic dehydrogenation method is based on ethylene and butene as raw materials, under the action of the catalyst, through the dehydrogenation reaction to produce butadiene. The method has the advantages of easy access to raw materials, mild reaction conditions and high selectivity, and is suitable for large-scale production.

(1) Reaction Principle
The main reaction of
catalytic dehydrogenation is:

C2H4 C4H8 → 2 C4H6

The reaction is endothermic and needs to be carried out at high temperature. The role of the catalyst is to reduce the reaction activation energy and improve the reaction rate and selectivity.

(2) Process Flow
The process flow of the
catalytic dehydrogenation method mainly includes the steps of raw material pretreatment, dehydrogenation reaction, product separation and purification. The specific process is as follows:

a. Raw material pretreatment: ethylene and butene are mixed in a certain proportion, preheated and desulfurized to ensure the activity and stability of the catalyst.

B. Dehydrogenation reaction: the pretreated feed gas is introduced into the dehydrogenation reactor, and the dehydrogenation reaction is carried out under the action of the catalyst. The reaction temperature is generally between 600 and 650 ° C. and the pressure is between 0.1 and 0.5MPa.

c. Product Separation: After the dehydrogenation reaction product is cooled and separated, crude butadiene and unreacted ethylene, butene, etc.

d. Refining: crude butadiene is refined to remove impurities and obtain industrial butadiene with high purity.

(3) catalyst selection

catalytic dehydrogenation catalyst mainly platinum, nickel and iron and so on. Among them, the platinum-based catalyst has higher activity and better selectivity, but is expensive; the nickel-based catalyst is relatively low in price, but the activity and selectivity are slightly inferior to the platinum-based catalyst; the iron-based catalyst has lower activity but better selectivity, and is suitable for the dehydrogenation reaction of low-concentration ethylene and butene. According to the specific production conditions and requirements, select the appropriate catalyst.

2. Other manufacturing methods

In addition to catalytic dehydrogenation, there are other industrial methods that can be used to prepare butadiene, such as cracking, extraction, etc. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and are suitable for different production conditions and requirements.

3. conclusion The production method of butadiene for

industry is mainly catalytic dehydrogenation, which has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials, mild reaction conditions and high selectivity, and is suitable for large-scale production. In actual production, appropriate manufacturing methods and catalysts should be selected according to specific conditions and requirements to improve production efficiency, reduce production costs, and promote the development of the chemical industry.

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