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[Chemical Knowledge]:What are the processes and processes for the production of phenol?

phenol is an important organic chemical, which is widely used in pharmaceutical, pesticide, dye, resin, rubber, coating and other fields. Its production process and process is complex, need to go through multiple processes to obtain high purity phenol. This article will introduce the production process and process of phenol in detail, so that readers can have a deeper understanding of this important chemical.

the production process of


phenol can be divided into two categories: coal coking phenol method and petroleum phenol method. Among them, the coal coking phenol method is the traditional production process of phenol, but due to its serious pollution in the production process, it has been gradually eliminated and replaced by the petroleum phenol method. The following will introduce the two production processes.


of

1. coal coking phenol production process and process of
coal coking phenol method is the use of coal coking tar produced by benzene, toluene and other aromatic hydrocarbons as raw materials to produce phenol. The process flow of the method is as follows:
1. preparation of raw materials: coal coke is gasified to obtain synthesis gas, and then crude benzene, toluene and other substances are obtained through processes such as cooling and washing.
2. Refined raw materials: crude benzene, toluene and other raw materials through multiple fractionation, extraction, crystallization and other processes, gradually remove impurities, to obtain high purity benzene, toluene and other aromatic hydrocarbons.
3. synthesis of phenol: the high purity of benzene, toluene and other aromatic hydrocarbons by oxygen reaction into phenol.
4. Separation of phenol: Phenol is separated from waste water to obtain pure phenol. Although the production process of
coal coking phenol method has a long history, it has been gradually eliminated due to its serious process pollution and replaced by petroleum phenol method.

2. petroleum phenol production process and process of



petroleum phenol method is a method of obtaining phenol through chemical reaction using petroleum and natural gas as raw materials. The process flow of the method is as follows:
1. preparation of raw materials: crude benzene, toluene and other aromatic hydrocarbons are obtained by boiling and refining fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas.
2. Refined raw materials: crude benzene, toluene and other raw materials through multiple fractionation, extraction, crystallization and other processes, gradually remove impurities, to obtain high purity benzene, toluene and other aromatic hydrocarbons.
3. synthesis of phenol: high purity benzene, toluene and other aromatic hydrocarbons through the oxidation reaction into phenol.
4. Separating phenol: Separating phenol from wastewater to obtain pure phenol.

the
petroleum phenol method compared to coal coking phenol method, has a simple process, environmental protection and other advantages, so in the modern phenol industry has been widely used.


in addition to the above two production processes, there is an emerging phenol production technology, that is, biomass conversion. The method uses biomass as raw material, and converts biomass into phenol through the action of microorganisms, enzymes, etc. This technology has the advantages of sustainable energy utilization and environmental protection, but it is still in the laboratory stage and has not yet realized industrial production.
In conclusion, phenol is an important organic chemical widely used in industrial production. Its production processes and processes are diverse, of which the petroleum phenol method is the mainstream. With the development of science and technology, phenol production technology will continue to update, more environmentally friendly, energy-saving new technology will gradually be applied to phenol production.

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