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[Chemical Knowledge]：Propane and n-Butane: The Big Difference Behind Small Molecules

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Propane and n-butane are both hydrocarbons, and they have obvious differences in chemical structure. Propane is a molecule composed of three carbon atoms and eight hydrogen atoms, with the chemical formula C3H8, while n-butane is composed of four carbon atoms and ten hydrogen atoms, with the chemical formula C4H10. From the molecular formula, the propane molecule is relatively small, and the n-butane molecule is relatively large.

In terms of physical properties, propane is a colorless, odorless, and non-toxic gas that is liquid under standard atmospheric pressure conditions. Butane is also colorless, odorless, non-toxic, but in the standard atmospheric pressure conditions for colorless odorless gas. This means that propane and n-butane have different aggregation forms under the same conditions. In addition to the physical properties of

, the chemical properties of propane and n-butane are also different. Due to the different number of carbon atoms in propane and n-butane, the energy released when they burn will also be different. Among them, the combustion heat value of propane is 2220KJ/mol, and the combustion heat value of n-butane is 2877KJ/mol. This means that under the same conditions, the energy released by the combustion of n-butane is higher, so it is more widely used in industry and energy fields.

from the application field, propane is mainly used as fuel and raw material, widely used in household life fuel, transportation fuel and other fields, while n-butane is more common in the industrial field, mainly used for the synthesis of alcohols, synthetic ketones, synthetic acetylene and other organic compounds. At the same time, n-butane can also be used as a solvent, plasticizer, dissolving agent, etc.

In general, propane and n-butane as common hydrocarbon compounds, although there are differences in molecular structure, physical properties, chemical properties, but they have important application value in the field of energy and chemical industry. It is hoped that the introduction of this paper can help you understand these two compounds more deeply and provide some reference for the research and application of related fields.

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