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[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process of spandex

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Manufacturing method
of spandex
spandex is a kind of elastic fiber, which has the characteristics of high elasticity, good recovery, wear resistance, acid and alkali resistance, etc., and is widely used in clothing, medical treatment, automobile and other fields. In the field of chemical production raw materials, the manufacturing methods of spandex mainly include dry, wet and polymerization methods. This article will introduce two common manufacturing methods.

1. dry manufacturing

dry manufacturing spandex mainly uses polyester chips as raw materials, through drying, melting, extrusion, stretching, winding and other processes. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Drying: The polyester chips are dried in a vacuum drying oven to remove moisture and impurities.
2. Melting: The dried polyester chips are added to the extruder and heated to melt to form a uniform melt.
3. Extrusion: The melt is extruded into filaments through a spinneret to form nascent fibers.
4. Stretching: Stretching the nascent fibers to increase their length and fineness and improve their elasticity.
5. winding: winding the stretched fiber into a cylindrical shape to obtain a finished spandex.

dry manufacturing spandex has the advantages of high production efficiency and stable product quality, which is one of the main methods of spandex production at present.

2. wet manufacturing

wet manufacturing spandex using polyurethane solution as raw material, after spinning, coagulation, stretching, washing, drying and other processes. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Spinning: The polyurethane solution is extruded through a spinneret to form a filament.
2. Coagulation: The filamentous polyurethane solution is immersed in the coagulation liquid to coagulate it into nascent fibers.
3. Stretching: Stretching the nascent fibers to increase their length and fineness and improve their elasticity.
4. Washing with water: The stretched fiber is washed with water to remove residual coagulating liquid and other impurities.
5. Drying: The washed fiber is dried to obtain the finished spandex.

wet manufacturing spandex can produce spandex products with higher elasticity and better recovery, but the production process is more complicated and the production efficiency is relatively low.

Whether it is a dry or wet method to manufacture spandex, it is necessary to strictly control the temperature, tension, speed and other parameters in the production process to ensure product quality and production efficiency. In addition, in the production process of spandex, it is also necessary to pay attention to environmental protection and safety issues, comply with relevant regulations and standards, and ensure the sustainability and safety of the production process.

In short, the manufacturing method of spandex needs to be selected according to specific product requirements and production conditions. Different manufacturing methods have different advantages and disadvantages and production efficiency. In the production process, it is necessary to strictly control various parameters and indicators to ensure product quality and production safety, and actively promote the concept of environmental protection and sustainable development to improve the overall level and social benefits of spandex production.

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