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[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process of acrylic fiber

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The manufacturing method
of acrylic fiber
1. Introduction

acrylic fiber is a synthetic fiber. Because of its excellent properties, such as softness, warmth, wear resistance, easy dyeing, etc., it is widely used in textiles, clothing, industrial cloth and other fields. application. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of acrylic fiber in detail.

2. raw material preparation

manufacturing acrylic fiber is the main raw material of acrylonitrile (AN), auxiliary raw materials including solvents, initiators, emulsifiers and so on. Among them, the quality of acrylonitrile has a great influence on the performance of acrylic fiber, so its purity needs to be strictly controlled.

3. polymerization reaction

polymerization reaction is a key step in the manufacture of acrylic fiber, by polymerizing acrylonitrile monomer into polyacrylonitrile polymer, so as to obtain acrylic fiber. The polymerization reaction generally adopts the solution polymerization method, that is, the initiator is added in the solvent to initiate the free radical polymerization of the acrylonitrile monomer. During the polymerization process, it is necessary to control the reaction temperature, time and monomer concentration to ensure the smooth progress of the polymerization reaction.

4. spinning

spinning is the process of converting polyacrylonitrile polymers into fibers. In the spinning process, the polyacrylonitrile polymer solution needs to be extruded through the spinneret to form filaments. At the same time, the use of appropriate drafting and heat treatment process, so that the filament curing molding, acrylic fiber. In the spinning process, it is necessary to control the diameter of the spinneret, the draft ratio, the heat treatment temperature and other factors to ensure the quality and performance of the fiber.

5. post-treatment

post-treatment is the process of processing acrylic fibers, including washing, drying, stretching, heat setting and other steps. Through post-processing, the performance and quality of acrylic fiber can be further improved to meet different application requirements.

6. Quality Control and Testing

In the acrylic fiber manufacturing process, it is necessary to strictly control the quality of each link to ensure that the final product meets relevant standards. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a series of quality detection and control, such as monomer purity detection, polymerization reaction monitoring, fiber performance testing, etc. At the same time, advanced testing equipment and technology are used to improve testing efficiency and accuracy and provide guarantee for product quality.

7. environmental protection and safety production

acrylic fiber manufacturing process involves some harmful substances and high temperature and high pressure and other risk factors, so it is necessary to pay attention to environmental protection and safety production issues. In the manufacturing process, effective environmental protection measures should be taken, such as waste treatment, waste gas treatment, etc., to reduce the impact on the environment. At the same time, strengthen production safety management, comply with relevant laws and regulations, and ensure the safety of employees and equipment.

8. technology innovation and development trend

With the continuous development of science and technology, acrylic fiber manufacturing technology is constantly innovating. In the future, acrylic fiber manufacturing will pay more attention to the needs of environmental protection, high efficiency and functionality. For example, the study of new polymerization technology, the development of functional acrylic fiber. At the same time, with the development of intelligent and digital technology, the acrylic fiber manufacturing industry will continue to introduce new technologies and new equipment to improve production efficiency and product quality.

9. conclusion

acrylic fiber as an important synthetic fiber is widely used in textiles, clothing, industrial cloth and other fields. This paper introduces the manufacturing methods of acrylic fiber in detail, including raw material preparation, polymerization reaction, spinning, post-treatment, quality control and testing, environmental protection and safety production. By mastering advanced manufacturing technology and strengthening production management, the performance and quality of acrylic fibers can be further improved to meet the growing market demand.

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